Sunday, January 13, 2008

Yuan Dynasty


Map of Yuan Empire(1279-1368)

Reason for take-over

After Jin Dynasty lose to Mongol armies under Genghis Khan as a leader. Genghis Khan continued to conquer the northern parts of China but was not able to conquer the Southern Song Dynasty. During Kublai Khan came to power, they were able to defeat the Southern Song Dynasty, because of its great militaries. At that time Mongol could be called as a country that had the strongest militaries. The starting of Yuan Dynasty held in 1279 under Kublai Khan as an emperor. This is the first time that china ruled under the foreigner emperor. Within the conquered land, they also gained much of Chinese machinery that was in Beijing or Dadu. However, Kublai Khan was a foreigner emperor, so he ruled the Yuan in the way that, somehow, had the conflict with Chinese ruling.

The great military of Yuan Dynasty

http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/200704/images/history/AIN_JALUT_69992_BAL.jpg

http://www.paulnoll.com/China/Dynasty/dynasty-Mongol.html http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/prehistory/china/later_imperial_china/yuan.html

Leaders of the Civilization
Kublai Khan was the first emperor of Yuan Dynasty. He was also the founder of Yuan Dynasty. He considered one of the foreigner emperors that ruled China. He was a grandson of Genghis Khan, the great Khan of Mongol. He was born in 1215 and ended his life in 1294.
http://www.thenagain.info/WebChron/China/KublaiKhan.html

Kublai Khan, The first emperor of Yuan Dynasty

http://www.wrecksite.eu/img/wrecks/kublai_khan.jpg



A leader from another civilization outside of China
Roger Bacon, one of the famous Franciscans, was born in 1214 at Ilminster in Somerset. He was known as Doctor Mirabilis or wonderful teacher. He was able to enter Oxford at the age of 13 years old. He continued to study and later on he became a master at Oxford. On 11 June, 1294, he had died at Oxford.
http://www.crystalinks.com/bacon.html

Roger Bacon

http://www.mysteriousbritain.co.uk/occult/images/friarbacon.jpg


Accomplishments
Under the rule of Kublai Khan, it made many Chinese unsatisfied, because of the big changes in government ruling and their life styles. Also Kublai Khan divided people into four classes. The highest class was the Mongolians, then Semu people, then Han people and the last was the Chineses from Southern Song Dynasty. It was set by the sequence that Kublai Khan had conquered them. It was hard to rule because of the different language and way of living that each group of people had. Kublai Khan changed the way of governed that the punishment was less severe and given privileges to foreigners to be able to trade within china without taxes. The economic of Yuan Dynasty mostly based on the agricultures. In this dynasty, grand canals were built for the convenient of water transport. During Yuan Dynasty, the paper currency was used throughout China, under Kublai Khan. It worked well as for trade within and out of China. As for the negative side of Yuan Dynasty, the Chinese were not aloud to learn any other language neither than Chinese. As for religious, there were many religions opened up, so people, such as merchants, from other place. Tibetan religious and Buddhism were some of the religions that most influence the people. At that time, the inventions were planetorium and hand canons, because Yuan Dynasty mainly focused on war equipments. The start of Yuan Dynasty made many Chinese people unsacrified as it was China under Mongol.


Buddism Temple, Beijing

http://www.buddhanet.net/images/pks_hall.jpg

http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/prehistory/china/later_imperial_china/yuan.html
http://www.travelchinaguide.com/intro/history/yuan/

Reason for fall
Yuan Dynasty was one of the shortest dynasties. As in 1368, Yuan Dynasty got overthrown. This dynasty started under the unwanted of Chinese people. Kublai Khan also treated foreigners better than Chinese itself. These made many Chinese people migrated to Iran, Russia, and even Western Europe, however, there were many foreigners moved to China. For Kublai Khan was new to this kind of government and not knowing much about Chinese, he had appointed government position with less knowledge about it, also there was no Chinese involved in government position. As they were putted into renewing new dynasty, their military was weakening down, because of lack of training. After all these happened, many nobles and peasants grouped together to overthrew Yuan because they thought that Yuan was not able to hold on China. Some groups of people secretly hired a secret society to over thrown the government. It ended up in 1368, when they got overthrown by the first emperor of Ming Dynasty.

Ming Dynasty Empire

(Fall of Yuan Dynasty)

http://www.chinavoc.com/history/images/ming.jpg

http://www.chinaknowledge.de/History/Yuan/yuan.html
http://www.travelchinaguide.com/intro/history/yuan/

Work Cited
• http://www.paulnoll.com/China/Dynasty/dynasty-Mongol.html
•http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/prehistory/china/later_imperial_china/yuan.html
•http://www.thenagain.info/WebChron/China/KublaiKhan.html
•http://www.crystalinks.com/bacon.html
•http://www.travelchinaguide.com/intro/history/yuan/
•http://www.chinaknowledge.de/History/Yuan/yuan.html

Picture Cited

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